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mysql5.5.27安裝教程與配置

傅智翔2年前11瀏覽0評論

MySQL是一種流行的關系型數據庫管理系統,提供高效的數據存儲和檢索。MySQL 5.5.27是MySQL的一個版本,本篇文章將介紹如何安裝和配置MySQL 5.5.27。

安裝MySQL 5.5.27

首先,下載MySQL 5.5.27的二進制安裝包。可以從官方網站下載,也可以從其他資源網站下載。下載后解壓到合適的位置,比如 /usr/local/mysql。

$ tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.27.tar.gz
$ cd mysql-5.5.27
$ sudo cp -r ./ /usr/local/mysql
$ cd /usr/local/mysql
$ sudo chown -R mysql .
$ sudo chgrp -R mysql .

這里我們以 /usr/local/mysql作為MySQL的安裝目錄。接下來,運行以下命令進行初始化設置:

$ sudo ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

設置完成后,MySQL 5.5.27就已經安裝成功了。

配置MySQL 5.5.27

接下來,我們需要配置MySQL 5.5.27。主要包括以下幾個方面:

修改配置文件my.cnf

my.cnf是MySQL的配置文件,用于設置MySQL的參數。可以在/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf或/etc/my.cnf中找到。在配置文件中,需要設置MySQL的root密碼:

[client]
password = your_password
[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
[mysqld_safe]
err_log=/var/log/mysql/mysql.err
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

啟動MySQL服務

運行以下命令啟動MySQL服務:

$ sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf&

或者,可以添加一個啟動腳本,使得MySQL可以作為系統服務啟動:

#!/bin/sh
#
# /etc/init.d/mysql : This file starts and stops the mysql daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 64 36
# description: MySQL database server.
# processname: mysqld
# config: /etc/my.cnf
# pidfile: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
prog="MySQL"
# extract value of a MySQL option from config files
# Usage: get_mysql_option SECTION VARNAME DEFAULT
# result is returned in $result
get_mysql_option(){
result=`/usr/bin/awk -F= "/^\[\$1\]/,/\[/{if(\$1==\"\$2\")print \$2}" \$3 2>/dev/null`
if [ "$result" = "" ]; then
# not found, use default
result="$2"
fi
}
get_mysql_option mysqld datadir "/var/lib/mysql"
datadir="$result"
get_mysql_option mysqld_safe log-error "/var/log/mysqld.log"
mysql_logfile="$result"
get_mysql_option mysqld pid-file "/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid"
mysql_pidfile="$result"
get_mysql_option mysqld_safe mysqld "/usr/bin/mysqld_safe"
mysqld_safe="$result"
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $mysqld_safe --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysql_pidfile" --log-error="$mysql_logfile" $MYSQLD_OPTS >/dev/null
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -TERM
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/mysql /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
return $retval
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $prog -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
status $prog
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
reload)
reload
;;
condrestart)
[ -e /var/lock/subsys/mysql ] && stop
start
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|reload}"
exit 1
esac
exit $?

保存為/etc/init.d/mysql并添加執行權限(chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql),就可以通過以下命令啟動和停止MySQL服務了:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start
$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop

以上就是安裝和配置MySQL 5.5.27的過程。通過這些步驟,我們可以在服務器上輕松部署MySQL,并開始構建高效的數據存儲和檢索系統。