在Linux系統中安裝多個MySQL實例是比較常見的。下面就讓我們來詳細了解一下如何安裝兩個MySQL實例。

步驟一：安裝MySQL

$sudo apt-get install mysql-server

步驟二：創建第一個MySQL實例

$sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql
$sudo tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
$sudo mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql/

步驟三：創建第一個MySQL實例的配置文件my.cnf

$sudo cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
$sudo vim /etc/my.cnf
# 修改如下幾項：
[mysqld]
port=3306
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.err
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid

步驟四：初始化第一個MySQL實例的數據目錄

$sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
$sudo chmod -R 777 /usr/local/mysql/data
$cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
$sudo ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

步驟五：啟動第一個MySQL實例

$sudo ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

步驟六：登錄第一個MySQL實例并創建數據庫

$mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: *****
mysql>create database test1;
mysql>grant all privileges on test1.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'password' with grant option;
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit

步驟七：創建第二個MySQL實例

$sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql2
$sudo tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
$sudo mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql2/

步驟八：創建第二個MySQL實例的配置文件my.cnf

$sudo cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my2.cnf
$sudo vim /etc/my2.cnf
# 修改如下幾項：
[mysqld]
port=3307
datadir=/usr/local/mysql2/data
socket=/tmp/mysql2.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql2/data/mysql.err
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql2/data/mysql.pid

步驟九：初始化第二個MySQL實例的數據目錄

$sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql2/data
$sudo chmod -R 777 /usr/local/mysql2/data
$cd /usr/local/mysql2/bin
$sudo ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql2 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql2/data

步驟十：啟動第二個MySQL實例

$sudo ./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my2.cnf --user=mysql &

步驟十一：登錄第二個MySQL實例并創建數據庫

$mysql -uroot -p -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3307
Enter password: *****
mysql>create database test2;
mysql>grant all privileges on test2.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'password' with grant option;
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit

安裝兩個MySQL實例就完成了！