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如何學(xué)吉他

榮姿康2年前24瀏覽0評論

如何學(xué)吉他?

吉他是一種彈撥樂器,通常有六條弦,形狀與提琴相似。吉他在流行音樂、搖滾音樂、藍(lán)調(diào)、民歌、佛朗明哥中,常被視為主要樂器。與小提琴、鋼琴并列為世界著名三大樂器。

吉他的分類

吉他(意大利語:Chitarra),又譯六弦琴。其面板與背板都是平的,琴腰部一般無角而往里凹,古典吉他一般無凹陷。琴頸很寬,長,指板上有弦枕并裝有很多窄而稍向上凸起的金屬制的橫格,稱之為“品”,它把琴弦劃分為許多半音。

吉他品位的劃分是:吉他的品位就是從琴頭往音孔方向數(shù)的格數(shù),比如第1格叫1品,第2格叫2品,以此類推。

學(xué)習(xí)吉他,首先要選一款吉他,常用的吉他大致分為民謠吉他、古典吉他和電吉他,要根據(jù)自己的喜好選擇一種類型。

民謠吉他

民謠吉他是吉他家族中最“平民化”的成員,演奏的人員最多。

民謠吉他可細(xì)分為Acoustic guitar(圓角琴)和Cutaway(缺角琴),前者適合演奏和弦,后者適合演奏高把位Solo。民謠吉他琴頸比較細(xì),上指扳寬42mm,從弦枕到琴身共14個(gè)品格,琴箱上有一個(gè)月牙形的護(hù)板,使用鋼絲弦演奏。吉他家族中最“平民化”的成員。在指板上由弦枕到琴柄與琴箱結(jié)合處是14品格,指板較窄,使用鋼弦,琴尾有背帶釘,面板上一般有護(hù)板,可用指甲或撥片彈奏。民謠吉他音色圓潤亮透,音質(zhì)深淳厚,演奏姿勢比較自由,主要用于給歌唱者伴奏,適用于鄉(xiāng)村、民謠及現(xiàn)代音樂,演奏形式較為輕松、隨意。草根味比較重,是眾多吉他中最平民的一種。

古典吉他

古典吉他也是吉他家族成員,和豎琴、魯特琴等同屬古典式弦琴大類。在指板上由弦枕到琴柄與琴箱結(jié)合處是12品格,指板較寬,使用尼龍弦,音質(zhì)純厚,音色豐富,沒有防護(hù)板。主要用于演奏古典樂曲,從演奏姿勢到手指觸弦都有嚴(yán)格要求,技巧精深,是吉他家族中藝術(shù)性最高,最具代表意義,適應(yīng)面最廣,最有深度,最受藝術(shù)界肯定的一類。古典吉他是一種根據(jù)200多年前式樣成型的以尼龍弦(100年前為羊腸)發(fā)聲的樂器。古典吉他的構(gòu)造與其他樂器(民謠吉他、電吉他等)有明顯不同;古典吉他以獨(dú)奏為主、兼顧一定量的重奏、協(xié)奏等;手指直接彈奏并結(jié)合各種特殊演奏技巧;從音樂的表現(xiàn)來講:古典吉他以演奏古典樂為主,兼顧一定量的現(xiàn)代經(jīng)典樂曲。細(xì)膩而多變的音色,豐富的多聲部和聲演奏能力,對不同時(shí)期、不同風(fēng)格不同民族的音樂都能詮釋自如。

電吉他

電吉他是現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的產(chǎn)物,從外型到音響都與傳統(tǒng)的吉他有著明顯的差別。琴體使用新硬木制成,配有音量、音高調(diào)節(jié)器(琴鈕)以及顫音結(jié)構(gòu)(搖桿)等裝置。配合效果器的使用,電吉他有很強(qiáng)的表現(xiàn)力,在現(xiàn)代音樂中有很重要的位置。現(xiàn)在多用于歌曲伴奏。

吉他調(diào)弦

任何樂器使用之前都要保證音準(zhǔn),吉他則是通過調(diào)弦來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。扭動(dòng)琴頭的旋鈕可以控制琴弦的張力,配合調(diào)音器或者調(diào)音軟件可以方便準(zhǔn)確的將琴調(diào)準(zhǔn)。

調(diào)弦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音

吉他調(diào)弦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音、從低音六弦開始到高音一弦定音規(guī)定如下: E 第六弦 E2 82.41HZ A 第五弦 A2 110HZ D 第四弦 D3 146.83HZ G 第三弦 G3 196HZ B 第二弦 B3 246.94HZ E第一弦 E4 329.63HZ

首先音名,CDEFGAB,這個(gè)就是用來記固定音高的符號,也就是無論它在哪個(gè)樂器上,音高就是固定的,所以,我們會看到,有些吉他音名分布圖上,都是用字母來表示的,只不過,很少用小字,只用大字,但你只要理解這個(gè)音名固定的音高就行了,這就是音名。

音名是固定的音高,理解這個(gè)后,那么唱名和簡譜就是相對的音高。也就是說音名在吉他是固定的,它的音高已經(jīng)固定了,但唱名和簡譜的音高,就跟調(diào)試有關(guān)系了,調(diào)高,唱的高度就不一樣,調(diào)低,唱的音就相對低了。

比如:在C大調(diào)里,C唱哆,用1表示,與吉他上五弦三品的音一樣高,但如果換成G調(diào)了,C在這里就唱發(fā),用4表示,音高還是固定在五弦三品那里,只是在G調(diào)里唱成發(fā)了,用簡譜4表示。

也就是說,如果你看到譜子左上角,有個(gè)字母C=1,這時(shí),表示C唱哆,是C大調(diào),以C為哆來記譜唱音高,那么在這種情況下,D唱來,E唱咪,F(xiàn)唱發(fā),G唱嗦,A唱拉,B唱稀,簡譜還是按1234567來記,但如果寫著G=1,這就表示G唱成1,以G為基準(zhǔn)唱成哆,這時(shí),音就相對高了,G調(diào)的來2,就是吉他上的A,咪3就是B,發(fā)4就是C,索5就是D,拉6就是E,F(xiàn)升4#就是稀。所以,你看到?jīng)],唱名簡譜跟調(diào)的高低有關(guān),所以,音高是相對的,不同的調(diào),唱的高度不同,吉他品位也不同,是相對的。

調(diào)音方法

1.五弦定音法

打開手機(jī)隨便撥打一個(gè)電話會出現(xiàn)嘟嘟的聲音。按住6弦的5品并彈奏,使彈奏音與嘟音相同,此為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音。完成了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音的校準(zhǔn)以后就可以開始下一步了 。同樣是按住6弦5品,并同時(shí)彈奏6弦和5弦,仔細(xì)聽音高是否相同,如果不相同分別彈奏6弦和5弦,確認(rèn)音高了還是低了,并使用琴頭的旋鈕調(diào)節(jié)。

接著按住5弦5品。音名為D,此音和四弦空弦同音。據(jù)此調(diào)好4弦。

按上圖的規(guī)律用剛才說的方法以此類推,調(diào)好余下的弦音。

2.用電子調(diào)音器

此方法直觀簡便,就是需要去購買一個(gè)電子調(diào)音器,按前面第一點(diǎn)說的規(guī)律。用電子調(diào)音器夾住琴頭,然后撥第六弦。調(diào)音器顯示如下圖左上為E就調(diào)好了。 下圖中的E A D B E都是調(diào)好的正常顯示綠色。 只有第三弦G顯示紅色,還沒完全調(diào)好,需要微調(diào)一下。 如果弦松了,沒調(diào)好,指針會在左邊。需要緊一下。 如果弦調(diào)緊了,指針在右邊。需要松一下。一直到指針在中間變成綠色的E就正確了。 其它各弦按 E A D G B E 從低音到高音順序,用上面方法調(diào)好就行。

3.手機(jī)軟件調(diào)音

目前最實(shí)用不花錢的方法,就是手機(jī)上下載一個(gè)調(diào)音軟件。方法同上面一樣。就是用調(diào)音軟件調(diào)弦。 手機(jī)調(diào)音軟件有專用吉他的,也有音樂通用的。我這里用的是通用的。專用的吉他調(diào)音軟件現(xiàn)在需要會員。

撥弦和掃弦

我們都知道,彈吉他時(shí),左右手分工不同,左手是負(fù)責(zé)按出音階或和弦,右手則是彈奏,右手在彈奏過程中,各個(gè)手指的分工也不同,大拇指負(fù)責(zé)6、5、4弦,食指負(fù)責(zé)3弦,中指負(fù)責(zé)2弦,無名指負(fù)責(zé)1弦,小指可以抵住面板作為加固穩(wěn)定。

練習(xí)方式

根據(jù)手指離開琴弦的方向我們可以將撥弦分為兩種方法

靠弦撥法和勾弦撥法:

靠弦撥法:手指撥弦后,順勢停靠在下一根相臨的弦上,比如拔完6弦后順勢靠在5弦上。

勾弦撥法:手指撥弦后,稍微向手心方向勾起,然后自然停在空中,而不是停靠在相臨的弦上。 在吉他演奏中,勾弦撥法方法使用得最多,因?yàn)閯?dòng)作比較靈活,多用于演奏分解和弦。

這兩種練習(xí)中都要加上大拇指參與練習(xí),練習(xí)中,靠弦和鉤弦可以結(jié)合一起練習(xí),互相切換,掌握撥弦力度準(zhǔn)確性和靈活性。 3.分解和弦練習(xí)

分解和弦練習(xí)其實(shí)在初學(xué)階段非常重要的,你在練習(xí)的時(shí)候,手指要并攏,大拇指伸出其他三指的位置,根據(jù)節(jié)奏順序,手指輪流去撥弦分解,節(jié)奏可以是先中速,再慢速,再快速。 輪指是比較難練的技巧,但想擁有一手流暢華麗又均勻快速的輪指,要下一番苦功。

4.掃弦練習(xí)

很多人認(rèn)為掃弦比撥弦容易多了,真的是這樣嗎?掃弦并不是靠蠻力去掃,而是要用到你的手腕,掃弦時(shí)不需要揮動(dòng)整只手腕手臂,只要轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)你的手腕用巧力去掃。 下面介紹幾種常見的掃弦方式:

a.大拇指掃弦:手指自然伸展,略呈弧形,所有反弦動(dòng)作都用大拇指完成,這種手法掃弦聲音豐滿,整體性好,缺點(diǎn)是一來一回音色不夠統(tǒng)一且亮度較差。 b.拇指與食指交叉成“十字”,其余手指呈飛鳥狀伸開(自然并攏也可),下?lián)魰r(shí)用食指指甲背,上擊時(shí)用拇指指甲背。 這種掃弦聲音清脆明亮、音色統(tǒng)一,缺點(diǎn)是聲音略顯單薄。

c.撥片 撥片又稱撥子· 用于演奏阮、柳琴、吉他等樂器。一般由尼龍或者賽璐珞制成,價(jià)格也因材料不同而有所差異,一般賽璐珞的撥子在4-10元,而尼龍的撥子有的則高達(dá)百元。

撥片的持法:

撥片的持法其實(shí)因人而異,沒有什么固定的姿勢。一般會選擇放在右手食指第一關(guān)節(jié)外側(cè),然后拇指以一定的角度輕松自然的按住整體撥片的三分之二或大部分,但不要捏的太緊,保持一定的自由度。

學(xué)習(xí)樂理知識

當(dāng)練習(xí)到一定階段后,就需要進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)樂理知識了,懂了樂理能夠更好的幫助你理解和弦、調(diào)式、節(jié)奏等,還能夠嘗試給歌曲填和弦。

小節(jié)、小節(jié)線、復(fù)縱線與終止線

(1)小節(jié):兩條相鄰的豎線之間的部分,稱為小節(jié)。

(2)小節(jié)線:劃分小節(jié)的豎線叫做小節(jié)線。

(3)復(fù)縱線:在樂曲中用以劃分段落的、由兩條細(xì)豎線構(gòu)成的線,叫做復(fù)縱線。

(4)終止線:記在樂曲結(jié)束處的、一細(xì)一粗的兩條平行豎線,叫做終止線。表示全曲的終止。

節(jié)拍、拍子與拍號

(1)節(jié)拍

樂曲中強(qiáng)(重音)弱(非重音)音有規(guī)律的反復(fù),叫做節(jié)拍。節(jié)拍是用強(qiáng)弱關(guān)系來組織音樂的,節(jié)拍中的每個(gè)單位,叫做單位拍。

有重音的單位叫做強(qiáng)拍,非重音的單位叫做弱拍。

強(qiáng)弱 強(qiáng)弱 強(qiáng)弱弱 強(qiáng)弱弱 ●o ●o ●o o ●o O (●表示強(qiáng)、o表示弱、O 表示次弱)

注意:小節(jié)中的第一拍通常為強(qiáng)拍,若再有強(qiáng)拍則為次強(qiáng)拍。

(2)拍子

在音樂中,將單位拍用固定的音符(如二分音符、四分音符、八分音符)來代表, 叫做拍子。如可以以二分音符為一拍,也可以以四分音符為一拍,或以八分音符為一拍等。拍子是用分?jǐn)?shù)來標(biāo)記的。

(3)拍號

表示拍子的記號叫做拍號。如2/4、3/4、4/4等。

拍號用分?jǐn)?shù)形式標(biāo)記,分子(橫線上方的數(shù)字)表示每小節(jié)的單位拍數(shù),分母(橫 線下方的數(shù)字)表示單位拍的音符時(shí)值。如差拍子表示以四分音符為一拍,每小節(jié)有四拍;主拍子表示以四分音符為一拍,每小節(jié)有三拍。

讀拍號時(shí)應(yīng)由下往上讀,只讀數(shù)字。如2/4拍子,讀作四二拍子,而不應(yīng)讀成數(shù)學(xué)中的分?jǐn)?shù):四分之二拍。

音值組合法

將時(shí)值不同的音符,按照拍子的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行組合的記譜方法,叫做音值組合法。

使用音值組合法可以便于讀譜和辯認(rèn)各種節(jié)奏型。

音值組合法的幾種情況:

(1)單位拍一般要用共同的減時(shí)線連成音群,單位拍之間要分開,因此有幾個(gè)單位拍就有幾個(gè)音群。

(2)在節(jié)奏劃分比較繁瑣的情況下,每一個(gè)主要的音群可以再分成兩個(gè)或四個(gè)相等的附屬的音群,第一條減時(shí)線可以不分開。

(3)以八分音符或十六分音符為單位拍時(shí),應(yīng)把小節(jié)內(nèi)所有的單位拍用共同的減時(shí)線連接在一起,第二、第三條減時(shí)線再按單位拍分開。

(4)占整小節(jié)的時(shí)值時(shí),用一個(gè)音符來標(biāo)記。

(5)休止符也按照晉值組合法的規(guī)則來組合,只是連音線是用不著的。

(6)附點(diǎn)音符無須按單位拍分開。

(7)聲樂曲的音值組合法,一般地足按照音值組合法的規(guī)則進(jìn)行組合,但由于歌曲中帶有歌詞,因此又與一般的音值組合法略有不同。主要區(qū)別在于,當(dāng)一字多音時(shí),需加連線。

連音符

在音樂中,將音符的時(shí)值用自由均分來代替音符的基本劃分(一分為二),叫做連音符。

連音符記在音符的上方,用弧線和數(shù)字來標(biāo)記。

常見連音符有

(1)三連音

三連音就是將音均分為三部分來代替兩部分,其時(shí)值為兩部分的時(shí)值。

(2)五連音、六連音、七連音

將音符均分為五部分、六部分、七部來代替四部分,叫做五連音、六連音、七連音。

(3)九連音、十連音、十一連音......十五連音

將音符均分為九、十、十一......十五部分來代替八部分,叫做九連音、十連音、十一連音......十五連音。

切分音

切分音就是弱拍或弱位的音,延續(xù)到強(qiáng)拍或強(qiáng)位上而變?yōu)閺?qiáng)音,這個(gè)音叫做切分音,含有切分音的節(jié)奏,叫做切分節(jié)奏。我們通常說切分音是(6 6 6),其實(shí)這是切分節(jié)奏,切分音應(yīng)是切分節(jié)奏(6 6 6)的中間那個(gè)音。

通常小節(jié)中第一拍為強(qiáng)拍,第二拍為弱拍;而第一拍(強(qiáng)拍)的前半拍為強(qiáng)位,后半拍為弱位,第二拍(弱拍)的前半拍為弱拍中的強(qiáng)位,后半拍為弱拍中的弱位。

識譜

吉他譜就是彈奏吉他的記譜方法,包括“六線譜”、“五線譜”和“簡譜”等。其中六線譜屬記錄指法的樂譜,是最常見的吉他譜,我們以最常見的六線譜為例,從上到下,依次為一弦、二弦,一直到六弦。這是對應(yīng)咱們吉他的六根弦的,具體看下圖示例,幾種常見的吉他譜。

這六根線,具體對應(yīng)下圖的吉他琴弦,1弦最細(xì),6弦最粗。

左手指法

圖1六線譜上方是和弦圖+和弦名,用來標(biāo)注我們彈吉他時(shí)左手按弦的指法,譜上字母表示著調(diào)子的高低,這是最基礎(chǔ)的識譜方法。

右手指法

右手指法可以看到丁香花吉他六線譜中用x表示,即左手按好和弦右手彈用x標(biāo)注了的弦,有些吉他譜直接在六線譜上用數(shù)字標(biāo)注,如《丁香花》吉他譜3小節(jié)中1弦上3、2、0表示左手按1弦3品,1弦2品,一弦空弦音(即左手不按弦時(shí)彈響的音)。

左右手的技巧

練熟基本的左右手技術(shù)后,要進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)左右手的技巧:

一、槌弦法(Hammer-on)

使用右手彈弦后,左手之任一手指可在該弦上任一琴格做槌弦動(dòng)作,即在同一弦上,由一較低音槌擊弦至高音的動(dòng)作。槌弦時(shí),瞬間動(dòng)作要快,且槌弦后手指切勿松開。

練習(xí):

二、勾弦法(Pull-off)

使用左手之任一指按住一音,待右手彈奏該弦后,左手手指將該弦往下方勾,再放掉該弦。即在同一弦上,由一較高音勾弦至較低音的動(dòng)作。勾弦時(shí),左手手指是朝著食指的方向往下勾。

練習(xí):

三、滑弦法(Slide)

使用左手手指按住任一音,待右手彈弦后,左手手指順著琴格滑至另一音的琴格上,左手手指切勿離弦。

另一種的滑弦稱為 Gliss,Gliss的滑弦是一種沒有指定音的滑音方式,不管下滑或是上滑都沒有固定的音,也因?yàn)闆]有指定的音,所以比較偏向是一種“效果”而非是“音”。

練習(xí):

四、推弦法(Chocking)

將一個(gè)音彈奏之后,將按著的弦往上推(或往下引)而改變音程的彈奏方式,稱為Chocking。又可稱之為 Bending。

練習(xí):

和弦

和弦就是音程的構(gòu)成關(guān)系,目的就是達(dá)到和諧好聽,它的構(gòu)成就像咱們通常說的三角形、平行四邊形,梯形等等的構(gòu)成關(guān)系是一樣,三角形是最穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系,那么,在和弦的構(gòu)在中,因?yàn)?35這三個(gè)音分別叫主音,中音,屬音,在大調(diào)中屬于最穩(wěn)定的音,所以構(gòu)成的大三和弦,引導(dǎo)整個(gè)歌曲的進(jìn)行。其余的如屬和弦,下屬和弦也屬于穩(wěn)定的三角形,所以,也是構(gòu)成歌曲的主要和弦之一,像其他的少見的7和弦,減和弦,增和弦,這些就是不穩(wěn)的結(jié)構(gòu),就像平行四邊形一樣,起到裝飾表達(dá)特殊情感的構(gòu)成。

和弦的構(gòu)成:

和弦就是以一個(gè)根音為基礎(chǔ),按固定的結(jié)構(gòu)組成,無論在哪個(gè)調(diào)里,都是按此固定結(jié)構(gòu)來組成,比如說大三和弦,固定結(jié)構(gòu)是135,什么是固定的呢,音程和音數(shù)是固定的,13是大三度,35是小三度,所以,大三度+小三度構(gòu)成的和弦就叫大三和弦,它的音數(shù)也是固定的,前面是兩個(gè)全音,后同是一個(gè)半全音,因?yàn)榧弦粋€(gè)品格是半音,所以,用全音半音來組和弦,更容易找到對應(yīng)的音。

音階

音階最通俗的理解就是音的高低排列,就像臺階一樣,從低到高,有個(gè)固定規(guī)律叫音階,1234567i(多來咪發(fā)索拉稀多)7個(gè)臺階構(gòu)成音階循環(huán)到i(高音多)。

音級

音級最簡單的理解就是七個(gè)音階中每個(gè)音所處的等級。用全音半音來表示,比如說1到2之間就是全音,由兩個(gè)半音組成,3和4之間就半音,由一個(gè)半音組成,然后還有7i之音也是一個(gè)半音組成,其他23、45、56、67都是由兩個(gè)半音組成,叫全音,這是固定的。

十二平均律

十二平均律是一個(gè)規(guī)律,就是把7個(gè)音階分成十二個(gè)級別的單獨(dú)音(半音),形成固定的等級高低規(guī)律,叫十二平均律,怎么分的呢,就是把12、23、45、56、67的一個(gè)臺階劈成兩個(gè)臺階,共十個(gè)音級,34和7i之間本身是半個(gè)臺階,這樣就總共由12個(gè)小臺階線成一個(gè)循環(huán)規(guī)律,就叫十二平均律。

音程

音程最通俗的理解就是音與音之間的高度關(guān)系,通常有度作為單位來表示,就是咱們常聽到的一度,二度,三度、五度等等。最簡單的一度就是同一個(gè)音之間的高度叫一度,比如說1本身就是一度,2本身就是一度,3本身就是一度,4、5、6、7都是這樣的叫純一度。具體如下表:

音數(shù)

音數(shù)就是指音程中包含的全音半音的數(shù)目,比如說1-3叫中間有兩個(gè)全音,音數(shù)就是2,屬于大三度。

和弦是和聲的基礎(chǔ),了解和弦的目的,一是為和彈唱伴奏,唱與彈的音形成和諧的關(guān)系,二是為了指彈獨(dú)奏曲里的編配。

練習(xí)方式

練好吉他和弦對吉他初學(xué)者來說是一件不容易的事情,需要很好的耐心。

1、按住和弦,腳打拍子,心里默數(shù)節(jié)拍,一般初學(xué)數(shù)4拍為宜。

2、每4拍做一個(gè)循環(huán),當(dāng)數(shù)1的時(shí)候同時(shí)按下手指,數(shù)4即將結(jié)束的時(shí)候松開手指。

3、手指不要離開琴弦,只是松開。

當(dāng)手型固定以后,還是按4拍來數(shù),這時(shí)候手指離開琴弦,但要保持手型不變,以此類推,練習(xí)不同的和弦。尤其大橫按的練習(xí),以上步驟尤為重要。

4、當(dāng)練習(xí)完成幾個(gè)基本和弦以后,可以進(jìn)行不同和弦的轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)。

5、當(dāng)單手轉(zhuǎn)換比較熟練后,加入右手撥片掃弦,還是按照4拍進(jìn)行就可。

6、掃弦練習(xí)比較熟練后,可進(jìn)行分解和弦的連續(xù)。

分解和弦記譜:

以丁香花的吉他譜為例,1小節(jié);左手按Em和弦然后右手分別彈響4弦-3弦-2弦-1弦-2弦-3弦,因?yàn)閳D2-2中可以看到每個(gè)音的時(shí)值是一樣,所以我們彈響的每個(gè)音的時(shí)長也應(yīng)該是一樣的。

2小節(jié);左手按Cmaj7和弦然后右手分別彈響5弦-3弦-2弦-1弦-2弦-3弦,同樣時(shí)值也一樣長。

3小節(jié);左手按D和弦然后右手彈用x標(biāo)注的弦,1弦上有數(shù)字3標(biāo)注的表示左手按1弦3品彈出的音,然后左手按1弦2品彈出的音,再然后彈1弦空弦音(六線譜上0表示空弦音;即左手不按弦時(shí)彈響的音)

吉他六線譜中右手掃弦的記譜方法是,向下掃弦時(shí)用向上的箭頭"↑" 標(biāo)記,向上掃弦時(shí)用向下的箭頭"↓"標(biāo)記。掃弦節(jié)奏型的時(shí)值記法也與簡譜的記法相同。

彈唱歌曲伴奏

當(dāng)左右手都練熟以后就可以開始練習(xí)彈唱了,按照譜子先將吉他伴奏練熟,達(dá)到不需要過腦子的境界。

推薦歌曲:

01 Jam-《七月上》

02 樸樹-《平凡之路》

03 宋冬野-《安和橋》

04 陳粒-《奇妙能力歌》

05 萬能青年旅店-《殺死內(nèi)個(gè)石家莊人》

06 痛仰樂隊(duì)-《公路之歌》

還有《知足》五月天、《聽不到》五月天、《我的歌聲里》曲婉婷、《月亮代表我的心》各種版本、《老男孩》筷子兄弟、《彩虹》周杰倫、《忽然之間》莫文蔚、《愛的就是你》王力宏等等都是非常適用于新吉他手的入門歌曲。

推薦書籍

第一本,《索爾吉他教程》。作者費(fèi)爾南多·索爾被稱為“吉他音樂的貝多芬”,你就知道他的分量了,在這本書中,作者并沒有像題主擔(dān)心的那樣加入各種練習(xí)曲,里面都是你想學(xué)的東西,如音樂學(xué)科理論、吉他講解,音質(zhì)和音色的分析、如何持琴、如何撥弦、每根弦上的指法安排等,看完你會有很多收獲。這本書給我的最大感受就是作者是真的愛吉他、懂吉他,比如他覺得很多人批評吉他問題很多,其實(shí)是他們自己使用不當(dāng),同時(shí)他會提出改進(jìn)方法,很值得一看的書!

第二本,《伯克利現(xiàn)代吉他教程》。此書豆瓣評分9.4,同類頂尖水平,書名中的伯克利是美國著名的伯克利音樂學(xué)院的簡稱,王力宏、歐陽娜娜、查理·普斯都是這里出來的。這本書的練習(xí)曲目多一些,但我還是推薦給你,原因有二:一,書中仍然有你需要的知識,包括和弦、指型,還有調(diào)弦、譜號等;二,書中的練習(xí)曲目是作者專門為吉他演奏而創(chuàng)作的原創(chuàng)作品,對提高你的音樂素養(yǎng)和演奏水平很有幫助,伯克利音樂學(xué)院的教材,值得你相信。

第三本,《從零起步學(xué)吉他》。看書名你就知道了,這是一本對初學(xué)者很友好的書,事實(shí)上也的確如此。書的開頭介紹了吉他的起源、發(fā)展、構(gòu)造、種類,還會教你怎么選購和保養(yǎng),讓你對吉他有一個(gè)深入的了解,這對你很有幫助。另外,題主關(guān)心的音階、和弦、調(diào)和調(diào)式、指型等,書中都有詳細(xì)的講解,總之很適合你的一本書,也被不少吉他初學(xué)者推崇。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"吉他是一種彈撥樂器,通常有六條弦,形狀與","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"提琴","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"相似。吉他在","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"流行音樂","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"、搖滾音樂、藍(lán)調(diào)、民歌、佛朗明哥中,常被視為主要樂器。與小提琴、鋼琴并列為世界著名三大樂器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQa8oYyoqgWOwCgexIbkyoe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"吉他的分類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCmQWYC84Kamis5e0zBkJ3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"吉他(意大利語:Chitarra),又譯","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https%3A%2F%2Fbaike.baidu.com%2Fitem%2F%25E5%2585%25AD%25E5%25BC%25A6%25E7%2590%25B4%3FfromModule%3Dlemma_inlink"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"六弦琴","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。其面板與背板都是平的,琴腰部一般無角而往里凹,古典吉他一般無凹陷。琴頸很寬,長,指板上有弦枕并裝有很多窄而稍向上凸起的金屬制的橫格,稱之為“品”,它把琴弦劃分為許多半音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK8sWWEkUeAw6KUDeu1IL0b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"吉他品位的劃分是:吉他的品位就是從琴頭往音孔方向數(shù)的格數(shù),比如第1格叫1品,第2格叫2品,以此類推。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne4EskegSESUYkd3roo8wMd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)習(xí)吉他,首先要選一款吉他,常用的吉他大致分為民謠吉他、古典吉他和電吉他,要根據(jù)自己的喜好選擇一種類型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUIc84GiUMGqiw1pAzRwXbf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"民謠吉他","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyI8EQQGgEAOQeKXu5yLCXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"民謠吉他是吉他家族中最“平民化”的成員,演奏的人員最多。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniKmimIUMAQoy0aNgdsaGwg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"民謠吉他可細(xì)分為Acoustic guitar(圓角琴)和Cutaway(缺角琴),前者適合演奏","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"和弦","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",后者適合演奏高把位","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"Solo","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。民謠吉他琴頸比較細(xì),上指扳寬42mm,從弦枕到琴身共14個(gè)品格,琴箱上有一個(gè)月牙形的護(hù)板,使用鋼絲弦演奏。吉他家族中最“平民化”的成員。在指板上由弦枕到琴柄與琴箱結(jié)合處是14品格,指板較窄,使用鋼弦,琴尾有背帶釘,面板上一般有護(hù)板,可用指甲或","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"撥片","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"彈奏。民謠吉他","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"音色","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"圓潤亮透,音質(zhì)深淳厚,演奏姿勢比較自由,主要用于給歌唱者","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"伴奏","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",適用于鄉(xiāng)村、民謠及現(xiàn)代音樂,","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"演奏","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"形式較為輕松、隨意。草根味比較重,是眾多吉他中最平民的一種。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnieaeCuCIY6ewgjidlQxkoc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":3357,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"民謠吉他","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1ba4b791065340479bf2c2719af41902","width":3357},"text":"","id":"doxcnESkAsqsgG8KUAJ5POEm6Ug"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"古典吉他","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEikWESay2ASMOq0ZLl9Ebh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古典吉他也是吉他家族成員,和","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"豎琴","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"魯特琴","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"等同屬古典式","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"弦琴","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"大類。在指板上由弦枕到琴柄與琴箱結(jié)合處是12品格,指板較寬,使用","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"尼龍弦","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",音質(zhì)純厚,音色豐富,沒有防護(hù)板。主要用于演奏古典樂曲,從演奏姿勢到手指觸弦都有嚴(yán)格要求,技巧精深,是吉他家族中藝術(shù)性最高,最具代表意義,適應(yīng)面最廣,最有深度,最受藝術(shù)界肯定的一類。古典吉他是一種根據(jù)200多年前式樣成型的以尼龍弦(100年前為羊腸)發(fā)聲的樂器。古典吉他的構(gòu)造與其他樂器(","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"民謠吉他","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"電吉他","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"等)有明顯不同;古典吉他以獨(dú)奏為主、兼顧一定量的重奏、協(xié)奏等;手指直接彈奏并結(jié)合各種特殊演奏技巧;從音樂的表現(xiàn)來講:古典吉他以演奏古典樂為主,兼顧一定量的現(xiàn)代經(jīng)典樂曲。細(xì)膩而多變的音色,豐富的多聲部和聲演奏能力,對不同時(shí)期、不同風(fēng)格不同民族的音樂都能詮釋自如。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSQuaKokAKWOcQ3fEcburdf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":966,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"古典吉他","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8e989b9856c64ddc8a06d8c20bf64e9f","width":986},"text":"","id":"doxcnmascm8MGAM60CYQHiQJB0e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"電吉他","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu8kQquAA8kAcOegrD9lp3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"電吉他是","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https%3A%2F%2Fbaike.baidu.com%2Fitem%2F%25E7%258E%25B0%25E4%25BB%25A3%25E7%25A7%2591%25E5%25AD%25A6%25E6%258A%2580%25E6%259C%25AF%2F12211879%3FfromModule%3Dlemma_inlink"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"的產(chǎn)物,從外型到音響都與傳統(tǒng)的吉他有著明顯的差別。琴體使用新","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https%3A%2F%2Fbaike.baidu.com%2Fitem%2F%25E7%25A1%25AC%25E6%259C%25A8%3FfromModule%3Dlemma_inlink"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"硬木","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"制成,","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"配有音量、音高調(diào)節(jié)器(琴鈕)以及","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https%3A%2F%2Fbaike.baidu.com%2Fitem%2F%25E9%25A2%25A4%25E9%259F%25B3%2F135604%3FfromModule%3Dlemma_inlink"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"顫音","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"結(jié)構(gòu)(搖桿)等裝置","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。配合","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https%3A%2F%2Fbaike.baidu.com%2Fitem%2F%25E6%2595%2588%25E6%259E%259C%25E5%2599%25A8%2F7378864%3FfromModule%3Dlemma_inlink"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"效果器","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"的使用,電吉他有很強(qiáng)的表現(xiàn)力,在","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https%3A%2F%2Fbaike.baidu.com%2Fitem%2F%25E7%258E%25B0%25E4%25BB%25A3%25E9%259F%25B3%25E4%25B9%2590%2F9518355%3FfromModule%3Dlemma_inlink"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"現(xiàn)代音樂","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"中有很重要的位置。現(xiàn)在多用于歌曲伴奏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMiAYksw40WGcsFVKp4iuDe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG8U4yqgy8gsEYLs8C9pNBe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":491,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"電吉他","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a72f1bfaa33848afb4236a7c5cb9352c","width":531},"text":"","id":"doxcnQSGUYOyUuSEYIeuUYpMfwT"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"吉他調(diào)弦","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng6oaqigwuqsymKjJ4Chuvd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"任何樂器使用之前都要保證音準(zhǔn),吉他則是通過調(diào)弦來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。扭動(dòng)琴頭的旋鈕可以控制琴弦的張力,配合調(diào)音器或者調(diào)音軟件可以方便準(zhǔn)確的將琴調(diào)準(zhǔn)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMucmWmeiq628ETXX6Y7fSd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"調(diào)弦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAM0ksmaYCE8cspfB7ojaLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"吉他調(diào)弦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音、從低音六弦開始到高音一弦定音規(guī)定如下:\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"E 第六弦 E2 82.41HZ A 第五弦 A2 110HZ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"D 第四弦 D3 146.83HZ G 第三弦 G3 196HZ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"B 第二弦 B3 246.94HZ E第一弦 E4 329.63HZ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwsqQ2EKeIUWygNqJ1PNaad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"調(diào)弦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9bc4097c447f400781a13cd7176a276e","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnyoE40UsWGMWaqCSDOtzm4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"首先音名,CDEFGAB,這個(gè)就是用來記固定音高的符號,也就是無論它在哪個(gè)樂器上,音高就是固定的,所以,我們會看到,有些吉他音名分布圖上,都是用字母來表示的,只不過,很少用小字,只用大字,但你只要理解這個(gè)音名固定的音高就行了,這就是音名。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4Aq2EkC4o8kSsNfjqIp0pg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":348,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"調(diào)弦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bbd3ac6f1048490993f778ff061933ac","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnKiI6YgMemwgmQhFjDl35lg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音名是固定的音高,理解這個(gè)后,那么唱名和簡譜就是相對的音高。也就是說音名在吉他是固定的,它的音高已經(jīng)固定了,但唱名和簡譜","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"音高,就跟調(diào)試有關(guān)系了,調(diào)高,唱的高度就不一樣,調(diào)低,唱的音就相對低了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnC2mm222cQ6msWyYLZl3KXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKy2omAKMWuieWktVPEyy4g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":123,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"調(diào)弦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ee39a81bd2aa4055b6b7b60859eee565","width":430},"text":"","id":"doxcnMOsW68GmwOOie81JIjTe9d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"比如:在C大調(diào)","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"里","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",C唱哆,用1表示,與吉他上五弦三品的音一樣高,但如果換成G調(diào)了,C在這里就唱發(fā),用4表示,音高還是固定在五弦三品那里,只是在G調(diào)里唱成發(fā)了,用簡譜4表示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQiM8SWgIOSGucvOB9lk9Dh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"調(diào)弦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/83d7c71cc7fa409bbaca93a9b66c8eb5","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnAuyasiScuyEG8RIAzR7ghd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"也就是說,如果你看到譜子左上角,有個(gè)字母C=1,這時(shí),表示C唱哆,是C大調(diào),以C為哆來記譜唱音高,那么在這種情況下,D唱來,E唱咪,F(xiàn)唱發(fā),G唱嗦,A唱拉,B唱稀,簡譜還是按1234567來記,但如果寫著G=1,這就表示G唱成1,以G為基準(zhǔn)唱成哆,這時(shí),音就相對高了,G調(diào)的來2,就是吉他上的A,咪3就是B,發(fā)4就是C,索5就是D,拉6就是E,F(xiàn)升4#就是稀。所以,你看到?jīng)],唱名簡譜跟調(diào)的高低有關(guān),所以,音高是相對的,不同的調(diào),唱的高度不同,吉他品位也不同,是相對的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAeaeAkaKgAiWikP0UcehWb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"調(diào)音方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu6aY0iqysmqo4aQdyxYaDe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"1.五弦定音法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngkoKOkYAuEKgobXUeEdbWd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"1.五弦定音法","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0724e4e856c142cc8b406305b4041308","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnSGA0qaEqa4aMUHJHgjerZe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打開手機(jī)隨便撥打一個(gè)電話會出現(xiàn)嘟嘟的聲音。按住6弦的5品并彈奏,使彈奏音與嘟音相同,此為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音。完成了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音的校準(zhǔn)以后就可以開始下一步了 。同樣是按住6弦5品,并同時(shí)彈奏6弦和5弦,仔細(xì)聽音高是否相同,如果不相同分別彈奏6弦和5弦,確認(rèn)音高了還是低了,并使用琴頭的旋鈕調(diào)節(jié)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoIYSY4eo60aQiWEoIjsn2f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"接著按住5弦5品。音名為D,此音和四弦空弦同音。據(jù)此調(diào)好4弦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu8CCSEQAmucA0d2JiOmLob"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"按上圖的規(guī)律用剛才說的方法以此類推,調(diào)好余下的弦音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6wseam6saeUCEh6FjKKASd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"2.用電子調(diào)音器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW0AgqSgka0MqieWAAOUIFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"此方法直觀簡便,","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"就是需要去購買一個(gè)電子調(diào)音器","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",按前面第一點(diǎn)說的規(guī)律。用電子調(diào)音器夾住琴頭,然后撥第六弦。調(diào)音器顯示如下圖左上為E就調(diào)好了。 \\n下圖中的E A D B E都是調(diào)好的正常顯示綠色。\\n只有第三弦G顯示紅色,還沒完全調(diào)好,需要微調(diào)一下。\\n如果弦松了,沒調(diào)好,指針會在左邊。需要緊一下。\\n如果弦調(diào)緊了,指針在右邊。需要松一下。一直到指針在中間變成綠色的E就正確了。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"其它各弦按 E A D G B E 從低音到高音順序,用上面方法調(diào)好就行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIAGA2u4AYGwoqcZog7oayb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":338,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"2.用電子調(diào)音器","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bd9e8066fb704b38a1c312c27ffdc631","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnKw6CsYMqQY8oG8u2ybv8bf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"3.手機(jī)軟件調(diào)音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngI6i0U66GUmGuIWY3PXiaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"目前最實(shí)用不花錢的方法,","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"就是手機(jī)上下載一個(gè)調(diào)音軟件","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。方法同上面一樣。就是用調(diào)音軟件調(diào)弦。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"手機(jī)調(diào)音軟件有專用吉他的,也有音樂通用的。我這里用的是通用的。專用的吉他調(diào)音軟件現(xiàn)在需要會員。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuOAygsQQ6qQ4WqzHzhQJbc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":640,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"3.手機(jī)軟件調(diào)音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/dfc661f44c52448bbd7ec3f367590867","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnW468Sia4KA4kWy8eVPAnih"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"撥弦和掃弦","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6wgywcOIG8GA8RoMaks0af"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我們都知道,彈吉他時(shí),左右手分工不同,左手是負(fù)責(zé)按出音階或和弦,右手則是彈奏,右手在彈奏過程中,各個(gè)手指的分工也不同,大拇指負(fù)責(zé)6、5、4弦,食指負(fù)責(zé)3弦,中指負(fù)責(zé)2弦,無名指負(fù)責(zé)1弦,小指可以抵住面板作為加固穩(wěn)定。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmYwOSkico2q64cRe08pCjd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí)方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0AmKSeyUWuyEITwu1TEEOd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"根據(jù)手指離開琴弦的方向我們可以將撥弦分為兩種方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmOIM02Yu24sSQrCbGzbsTf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"靠弦撥法和勾弦撥法:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnocMoUgAIUqgo0K9HHQnYZb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"靠弦撥法:手指撥弦后,順勢停靠在下一根相臨的弦上,比如拔完6弦后順勢靠在5弦上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAuog4mcy6kEeWquSG4vatg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":440,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí)方式","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5aa0768f40d147fcbf7a535d4f4a83b9","width":870},"text":"","id":"doxcn0kmGmeAyWk06GEbpBlOnnd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\\n勾弦撥法:手指撥弦后,稍微向手心方向勾起,然后自然停在空中,而不是停靠在相臨的弦上。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"在吉他演奏中,勾弦撥法方法使用得最多,因?yàn)閯?dòng)作比較靈活,多用于演奏分解和弦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaOsQ4qiOG28wqsFx4Cnieh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":406,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí)方式","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/350d4a1837bc4bbcbf11481b17c64652","width":636},"text":"","id":"doxcn2YS0gg6EeGk4ArC73tv7ld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\\n這兩種練習(xí)中都要加上大拇指參與練習(xí),練習(xí)中,靠弦和鉤弦可以結(jié)合一起練習(xí),互相切換,掌握撥弦力度準(zhǔn)確性和靈活性。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"3.分解和弦練習(xí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA8WkcseyuImKAxpDl7kFph"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"分解和弦練習(xí)其實(shí)在初學(xué)階段非常重要的,你在練習(xí)的時(shí)候,手指要并攏,大拇指伸出其他三指的位置,根據(jù)節(jié)奏順序,手指輪流去撥弦分解,節(jié)奏可以是先中速,再慢速,再快速。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"輪指是比較難練的技巧,但想擁有一手流暢華麗又均勻快速的輪指,要下一番苦功。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsiqUsQAuGQOAkFclHtRbmc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":540,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí)方式","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2e03f06ea49046b58db91c9537086701","width":946},"text":"","id":"doxcno4ECGwgooMcywd69gbWlcf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"4.掃弦練習(xí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCccMIkuwGAem6Ug3eUBOJg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"很多人認(rèn)為掃弦比撥弦容易多了,真的是這樣嗎?掃弦并不是靠蠻力去掃,而是要用到你的手腕,掃弦時(shí)不需要揮動(dòng)整只手腕手臂,只要轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)你的手腕用巧力去掃。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"下面介紹幾種常見的掃弦方式:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniQcGyacYWg6w8ELXmZQkvc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"a.大拇指掃弦:手指自然伸展,略呈弧形,所有反弦動(dòng)作都用大拇指完成,這種手法掃弦聲音豐滿,整體性好,缺點(diǎn)是一來一回音色不夠統(tǒng)一且亮度較差。\\nb.拇指與食指交叉成“十字”,其余手指呈飛鳥狀伸開(自然并攏也可),下?lián)魰r(shí)用食指指甲背,上擊時(shí)用拇指指甲背。\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"這種掃弦聲音清脆明亮、音色統(tǒng)一,缺點(diǎn)是聲音略顯單薄。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCCAYMSSa4CEwaaoAimoJge"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":476,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí)方式","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/917fae17f2de44228efd609c3e813622","width":754},"text":"","id":"doxcnGwaqYyggaq0m2fvcJZXADg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"c.","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"撥片","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"\\n","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"撥片又稱撥子· 用于演奏阮、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"柳琴","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"吉他","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"等樂器。一般由","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"尼龍","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"或者","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"賽璐珞","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"制成,價(jià)格也因材料不同而有所差異,一般賽璐珞的撥子在4-10元,而尼龍的撥子有的則高達(dá)百元。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6EUu88w6KgISCAIbNAZemd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":520,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí)方式","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f20f4f5dfa454c109568acd12207baf9","width":520},"text":"","id":"doxcnuUqQASOMAu20QvUUBVol9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"撥片的持法:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkou06mASe4IOeaUf6DOUjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"撥片的持法其實(shí)因人而異,沒有什么固定的姿勢。一般會選擇放在右手食指第一關(guān)節(jié)外側(cè),然后拇指以一定的角度輕松自然的按住整體撥片的三分之二或大部分,但不要捏的太緊,保持一定的自由度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWuKSeqg6oAKgUNpzVjo0Db"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGksUmcKQmq2CUXLUeRF05g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":505,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí)方式","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ffd42def7cfb40148506f47a982d47ae","width":641},"text":"","id":"doxcnyMyAk8qqwAOUgJkou2f7zb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6wsIo0CwkoMc4eETiD2bCd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniwI4eKM4cgWqs3lZCUOrsm"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)習(xí)樂理知識","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng8yAyUWyWssWygf6R13huh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"當(dāng)練習(xí)到一定階段后,就需要進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)樂理知識了,懂了樂理能夠更好的幫助你理解和弦、調(diào)式、節(jié)奏等,還能夠嘗試給歌曲填和弦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQmgw446qoCcUaoVxPgJIad"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"小節(jié)、小節(jié)線、復(fù)縱線與終止線","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEamQKii8MGIG8YCrnghiqb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)小節(jié):兩條相鄰的豎線之間的部分,稱為小節(jié)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2Qy8cI6g6QMsVpC9dnIPEx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)小節(jié)線:劃分小節(jié)的豎線叫做小節(jié)線。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsGOAc4S2SOuuApXvBE4Rue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)復(fù)縱線:在樂曲中用以劃分段落的、由兩條細(xì)豎線構(gòu)成的線,叫做復(fù)縱線。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyayyE4q6GIWA8MhWqjz22b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)終止線:記在樂曲結(jié)束處的、一細(xì)一粗的兩條平行豎線,叫做終止線。表示全曲的終止。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6qKq6Qms0CsqSWZJP6j2uf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"節(jié)拍、拍子與拍號","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwOw6WucMQ8SoXHkgpzkatJ"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)節(jié)拍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUQeOcMggmCUEchHNDFaOLf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"樂曲中強(qiáng)(重音)弱(非重音)音有規(guī)律的反復(fù),叫做節(jié)拍。節(jié)拍是用強(qiáng)弱關(guān)系來組織音樂的,節(jié)拍中的每個(gè)單位,叫做單位拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCycugiYuISKaWAzamtzrpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"有重音的單位叫做強(qiáng)拍,非重音的單位叫做弱拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWku8WOMEWiYguCpXXIyS0c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"強(qiáng)弱 強(qiáng)弱 強(qiáng)弱弱 強(qiáng)弱弱 ●o ●o ●o o ●o O (●表示強(qiáng)、o表示弱、O 表示次弱)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncsaAOW8KUYQiETg7usUheb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:小節(jié)中的第一拍通常為強(qiáng)拍,若再有強(qiáng)拍則為次強(qiáng)拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIm6mMw0i26kqGgdPjzlB4e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)拍子","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAqWS4WiOw2IgmmAhuwTxzc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在音樂中,將單位拍用固定的音符(如二分音符、四分音符、八分音符)來代表, 叫做拍子。如可以以二分音符為一拍,也可以以四分音符為一拍,或以八分音符為一拍等。拍子是用分?jǐn)?shù)來標(biāo)記的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKCmewQ0aQMWU27efF5Nd3b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)拍號","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYQUCE2S0kYUimyJuKYj5pd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"表示拍子的記號叫做拍號。如2/4、3/4、4/4等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnygwqm0QWk2Mk2ruaMXp0Nc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"拍號用分?jǐn)?shù)形式標(biāo)記,分子(橫線上方的數(shù)字)表示每小節(jié)的單位拍數(shù),分母(橫 線下方的數(shù)字)表示單位拍的音符時(shí)值。如差拍子表示以四分音符為一拍,每小節(jié)有四拍;主拍子表示以四分音符為一拍,每小節(jié)有三拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYQE60Sw6Mm0cQJhuI5AdBh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"讀拍號時(shí)應(yīng)由下往上讀,只讀數(shù)字。如2/4拍子,讀作四二拍子,而不應(yīng)讀成數(shù)學(xué)中的分?jǐn)?shù):四分之二拍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMWuWeGOqeiiA69Hn79sHUb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音值組合法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8Cm0esOOGa6MU1kFAIAzyb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"將時(shí)值不同的音符,按照拍子的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行組合的記譜方法,叫做音值組合法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKY04OqyWO2kWIxp9xDRSyb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用音值組合法可以便于讀譜和","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"辯認(rèn)","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"各種節(jié)奏型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnimIoMoYkS8GKySH2kXZJxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音值組合法的幾種情況:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnksWgS24qIQGS4S60BSi5Qd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)單位拍一般要用共同的減時(shí)線連成音群,單位拍之間要分開,因此有幾個(gè)單位拍就有幾個(gè)音群。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSAA6aaMoc8sEgf7R4R8IRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)在節(jié)奏劃分比較繁瑣的情況下,每一個(gè)主要的音群可以再分成兩個(gè)或四個(gè)相等的附屬的音群,第一條減時(shí)線可以不分開。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYGuaaYiM8qw6cVVamfwIbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)以八分音符或十六分音符為單位拍時(shí),應(yīng)把小節(jié)內(nèi)所有的單位拍用共同的減時(shí)線連接在一起,第二、第三條減時(shí)線再按單位拍分開。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6AGm4W82KOMiuG14woAFze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)占整小節(jié)的時(shí)值時(shí),用一個(gè)音符來標(biāo)記。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIg2qykUquEgUsHYkROrr1b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)休止符也按照晉值組合法的規(guī)則來組合,只是連音線是用不著的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4kWOaugWEEkMOenCkFUP1P"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(6)附點(diǎn)音符無須按單位拍分開。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOKecwK4a4M0A8DlItfYNfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(7)聲樂曲的音值組合法,一般地足按照音值組合法的規(guī)則進(jìn)行組合,但由于歌曲中帶有歌詞,因此又與一般的音值組合法略有不同。主要區(qū)別在于,當(dāng)一字多音時(shí),需加連線。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwwWyKUikM2Ss49e8iOPT1f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"連音符","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQo0C4qGmmkQgaSkk4Lyiif"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在音樂中,將音符的時(shí)值用自由均分來代替音符的基本劃分(一分為二),叫做連音符。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnq6s2GKA6Cea4eA9FpHqrBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"連音符記在音符的上方,用弧線和數(shù)字來標(biāo)記。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSykCMuMU0ESiMP2P0bNVR4"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"常見連音符有","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcns6QyMUuo0IwIUT5D2aFcue"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)三連音 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncesEGEmssicMiUOdm0uxqc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三連音就是將音均分為三部分來代替兩部分,其時(shí)值為兩部分的時(shí)值。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYOyGaMSeSauQo1hfqVzZtf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)五連音、六連音、七連音 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4ueoYw8gwuAYYldPydunMh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"將音符均分為五部分、六部分、七部來代替四部分,叫做五連音、六連音、七連音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2UWU8ASQIA2ssZ38cBovnf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)九連音、十連音、十一連音......十五連音 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS2CksGmawccQiqGJuvjDCf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"將音符均分為九、十、十一......十五部分來代替八部分,叫做九連音、十連音、十一連音......十五連音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEiQGG80mMSuq0Gx5ySoc7e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"切分音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIeOMaC0gWKEiQzYueraOUf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"切分音就是弱拍或弱位的音,延續(xù)到強(qiáng)拍或強(qiáng)位上而變?yōu)閺?qiáng)音,這個(gè)音叫做切分音,含有切分音的節(jié)奏,叫做切分節(jié)奏。我們通常說切分音是(6 6 6),其實(shí)這是切分節(jié)奏,切分音應(yīng)是切分節(jié)奏(6 6 6)的中間那個(gè)音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnScKugEOsec4GELrJ3ldoQb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"通常小節(jié)中第一拍為強(qiáng)拍,第二拍為弱拍;而第一拍(強(qiáng)拍)的前半拍為強(qiáng)位,后半拍為弱位,第二拍(弱拍)的前半拍為弱拍中的強(qiáng)位,后半拍為弱拍中的弱位。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4mIoQIsaySuIQ1yQIGqmGg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"識譜","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2OAscGi4SOCikpg80Ir3m5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"吉他譜就是彈奏吉他的記譜方法,包括“六線譜”、“五線譜”和“簡譜”等。其中六線譜屬記錄指法的樂譜,是最常見的吉他譜,我們以最常見的六線譜為例,從上到下,依次為一弦、二弦,一直到六弦。這是對應(yīng)咱們吉他的六根弦的,具體看下圖示例,幾種常見的吉他譜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoocsw4WKqqYSEPfapgqjUg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":225,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"識譜","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d6586810ca844acdb6c1afc6506f79b6","width":263},"text":"","id":"doxcn2GMCeqe2I4Quy21zJptK8e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"這六根線,具體對應(yīng)下圖的吉他琴弦,1弦最細(xì),6弦最粗。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKsQOYgEqAuqiADL0F6PGIc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM4Ag8QAUA6e4YbOWNLfAih"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":166,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"識譜","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e6dd596066d4473d975587a85b151912","width":486},"text":"","id":"doxcnyGQ6eqSaSeuaE5bSjraIbh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"左手指法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQwAmK46SIyY2QX0hoYpRzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"圖1六線譜上方是和弦圖+和弦名,用來標(biāo)注我們彈吉他時(shí)左手按弦的指法,譜上字母表示著調(diào)子的高低,這是最基礎(chǔ)的識譜方法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA2IeUUyCoAOeUp4WBVf6Th"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"右手指法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCUSGk2IEisyWiq2DIVsvnf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"右手指法可以看到丁香花吉他六線譜中用x表示,即","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"左手按好","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"和弦右手彈用x標(biāo)注了的弦,有些吉他譜直接在六線譜上用數(shù)字標(biāo)注,如《丁香花》吉他譜3小節(jié)中1弦上3、2、0表示左手按1弦3品,1弦2品,一弦空弦音(即左手不按弦時(shí)彈響的音)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOqWOyWssQwqkSShPmg2hSe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":328,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"右手指法","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e10c3936f1d04408a3dc1d2d4b16fba7","width":476},"text":"","id":"doxcnqyaousqKs4yiKihO9Stn8f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"左右手的技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMAegIOQmqiCouu3iuXhvhc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"練熟基本的左右手技術(shù)后,要進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)左右手的技巧:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwIOAGi4EumiKU5qzAwepBb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"一、槌弦法(Hammer-on)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGQ8ISky4MCAcuiPt1elFwg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用右手彈弦后,左手之任一手指可在該弦上任一琴格做槌弦動(dòng)作,即在同一弦上,由一較低音槌擊弦至高音的動(dòng)作。槌弦時(shí),瞬間動(dòng)作要快,且槌弦后手指切勿松開。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnI06UsQckikuiURnvI0FlKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM0uqWuq2MOGc4xWLiWnSbb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":283,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"一、槌弦法(Hammer-on)","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d45866f3fded479f94278307b456e271","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnK2QoQSeYsouWYfIxY6299d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí):","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMKiugM8Asu4kWje79235bb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":201,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"一、槌弦法(Hammer-on)","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a26e0ad58bfd4c10a3ea4bc23a772cdf","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnIWoGcEyuWyWiM5fAviMThf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"二、勾弦法(Pull-off) ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2eMguKMiioQosxbgZkoief"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用左手之任一指按住一音,待右手彈奏該弦后,左手手指將該弦往下方勾,再放掉該弦。即在同一弦上,由一較高音勾弦至較低音的動(dòng)作。勾弦時(shí),左手手指是朝著食指的方向往下勾。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8OyiIAwKEwWis9SkZhq6kf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":272,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"二、勾弦法(Pull-off) ","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/157ac8745a3f4cc8bce486075584224e","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnk6W6keSmYcOA0Wz1w8PWye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí):","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneUweMksk8acspD54HexNES"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":203,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"二、勾弦法(Pull-off) ","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5c20619c960942f6aabc04eb87187fe7","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcn2YQ4GsycU2s4Oa1UH2pnMb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"三、滑弦法(Slide) ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWQaIsYyesY4Q2pA4DTmqLg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用左手手指按住任一音,待右手彈弦后,左手手指順著琴格滑至另一音的琴格上,左手手指切勿離弦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6QWGomekeqWC4mOC9Bmdzd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"另一種的滑弦稱為 Gliss,Gliss的滑弦是一種沒有指定音的滑音方式,不管下滑或是上滑都沒有固定的音,也因?yàn)闆]有指定的音,所以比較偏向是一種“效果”而非是“音”。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCwu0WU2GEWaIIHWwkBN0rh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSO8o8YymY2quyUEvKeYzFc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"三、滑弦法(Slide) ","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a0754cc5c2104ea883b44c3985f93d99","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcn4O2UwEG2k4io4B7EOBtTIg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí):","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY0yWqaqWyu8EIneZNyPLYe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":196,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"三、滑弦法(Slide) ","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ac13ae5ed8b3455890f6090772fd5a0e","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnCEcQqouAMGskNZzWudFiBR"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"四、推弦法(Chocking) ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAeqQeU24OkYmIR314MvCVf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"將一個(gè)音彈奏之后,將按著的弦往上推(或往下引)而改變音程的彈奏方式,稱為Chocking。又可稱之為 Bending。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0Ge8qKiGO4AO6jxUxaY9oh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":183,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"四、推弦法(Chocking) ","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9e09d18f7cd240a4aee12183ea9004e2","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnw6auw6WMkiYMrp2TNgUTqs"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí):","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniuuKSac2YkAuuM6NrIS70c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":173,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"四、推弦法(Chocking) ","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7c842fb6a368443a9f805c03ff4853c3","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcn00UiYMIUuUieI16OIsDHnd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"和弦","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM6ykQA64seAoUx6BF9BGfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"和弦就是音程的構(gòu)成關(guān)系,目的就是達(dá)到和諧好聽,它的構(gòu)成就像咱們通常說的三角形、平行四邊形,梯形等等的構(gòu)成關(guān)系是一樣,三角形是最穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系,那么,在和弦的構(gòu)在中,因?yàn)?35這三個(gè)音分別叫主音,中音,屬音,在大調(diào)中屬于最穩(wěn)定的音,所以構(gòu)成的大三和弦,引導(dǎo)整個(gè)歌曲的進(jìn)行。其余的如屬和弦,下屬和弦也屬于穩(wěn)定的三角形,所以,也是構(gòu)成歌曲的主要和弦之一,像其他的少見的7和弦,減和弦,增和弦,這些就是不穩(wěn)的結(jié)構(gòu),就像平行四邊形一樣,起到裝飾表達(dá)特殊情感的構(gòu)成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ6kYSkAKUCEMgP9TdkgLlg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"和弦的構(gòu)成:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUo0i0AguwEqcEHJ7JZCvmf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"和弦就是以一個(gè)根音為基礎(chǔ),按固定的結(jié)構(gòu)組成,無論在哪個(gè)調(diào)里,都是按此固定結(jié)構(gòu)來組成,比如說大三和弦,固定結(jié)構(gòu)是135,什么是固定的呢,音程和音數(shù)是固定的,13是大三度,35是小三度,所以,大三度+小三度構(gòu)成的和弦就叫大三和弦,它的音數(shù)也是固定的,前面是兩個(gè)全音,后同是一個(gè)半全音,因?yàn)榧弦粋€(gè)品格是半音,所以,用全音半音來組和弦,更容易找到對應(yīng)的音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncAcsQcKsGkaaQLaEL8yUYd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音階","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8uSu46iW0qAIcR3lwt3jKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音階最通俗的理解就是音的高低排列,就像臺階一樣,從低到高,有個(gè)固定規(guī)律叫音階,1234567i(多來咪發(fā)索拉稀多)7個(gè)臺階構(gòu)成音階循環(huán)到i(高音多)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniwiS42qGmsoAiAnDHsXqEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSKYS0Y6OoagwUFKoM6adeg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":280,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音階","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7d0ddd362fe04558b9541c6592344c0a","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnQmSwOQki4CyGYXSO7ttJFd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音級","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsgeA4YMC4IMwSiCwDe0ctb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音級最簡單的理解就是七個(gè)音階中每個(gè)音所處的等級。用全音半音來表示,比如說1到2之間就是全音,由兩個(gè)半音組成,3和4之間就半音,由一個(gè)半音組成,然后還有7i之音也是一個(gè)半音組成,其他23、45、56、67都是由兩個(gè)半音組成,叫全音,這是固定的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmoYUI2O8e6qAaOicfbdspd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnggIMOOySEE8iOEFgFJJfMd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":315,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音級","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6095762e9624478f814a86272c3587b0","width":475},"text":"","id":"doxcnKqy6MK0CKM4uyKsplSkCWg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"十二平均律","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCcqQwk86iWSsQjkYoTOOth"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"十二平均律是一個(gè)規(guī)律,就是把7個(gè)音階分成十二個(gè)級別的單獨(dú)音(半音),形成固定的等級高低規(guī)律,叫十二平均律,怎么分的呢,就是把12、23、45、56、67的一個(gè)臺階劈成兩個(gè)臺階,共十個(gè)音級,34和7i之間本身是半個(gè)臺階,這樣就總共由12個(gè)小臺階線成一個(gè)循環(huán)規(guī)律,就叫十二平均律。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneUyGk2oO0UqW4aiUbJ4Vff"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS82e080OciAMohnIJHwcTb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音程最通俗的理解就是音與音之間的高度關(guān)系,通常有度作為單位來表示,就是咱們常聽到的一度,二度,三度、五度等等。最簡單的一度就是同一個(gè)音之間的高度叫一度,比如說1本身就是一度,2本身就是一度,3本身就是一度,4、5、6、7都是這樣的叫純一度。具體如下表:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0GAKG6ikKaMKOWkEXgCUVf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4CsA2KKUWqK6ORNaA87Zr9"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":756,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音程","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d2092cca416645e39aa4da6d89359f1c","width":765},"text":"","id":"doxcnAQwoCYYaeuoAos5Sm6jJqb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音數(shù)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYC6iCYKkwGM06zaI6sfrpe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音數(shù)就是指音程中包含的全音半音的數(shù)目,比如說1-3叫中間有兩個(gè)全音,音數(shù)就是2,屬于大三度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngyiUiQmYuO8e45PLMtpAob"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnC6SGiUa6QaaKcQL8Nq2LpC"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":740,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音數(shù)","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/788536e4c1b34252b32f2e7299042c40","width":740},"text":"","id":"doxcnQq44CmkQgeOUEbl7usH8nh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"和弦是和聲的基礎(chǔ),了解和弦的目的,一是為和彈唱伴奏,唱與彈的音形成和諧的關(guān)系,二是為了指彈獨(dú)奏曲里的編配。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn82Gc6ioQgOm48j52kTpBWe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"練習(xí)方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWYUYQ8AekGmYIbOoxuzV9f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"練好吉他和弦對吉他初學(xué)者來說是一件不容易的事情,需要很好的耐心。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6I4KioQ02sC4wXVMEg29Dg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"按住和弦,腳打拍子,心里默數(shù)節(jié)拍,一般初學(xué)數(shù)4拍為宜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnU064WkQOWsCCAYUVpU57dE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、每4拍做一個(gè)循環(huán),當(dāng)數(shù)1的時(shí)候同時(shí)按下手指,數(shù)4即將結(jié)束的時(shí)候松開手指。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWW2GcCAWMAkiG6Rombg83d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、手指不要離開琴弦,只是松開。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngCm4CmmgSK2gvrQbFtLELQ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"當(dāng)手型固定以后,還是按4拍來數(shù),這時(shí)候手指離開琴弦,但要保持手型不變,以此類推,練習(xí)不同的和弦。尤其大橫按的練習(xí),以上步驟尤為重要。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmCoU84aAS0uy6DuWY5GTHe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、當(dāng)練習(xí)完成幾個(gè)基本和弦以后,可以進(jìn)行不同和弦的轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmGko80oKKkegkJBgq51dlg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、當(dāng)單手轉(zhuǎn)換比較熟練后,加入右手撥片掃弦,還是按照4拍進(jìn)行就可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0aqww4GICQ6cKIqOYLLIQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、掃弦練習(xí)比較熟練后,可進(jìn)行分解和弦的連續(xù)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEQkUuqkmioksaA7AaQWqVc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"分解和弦記譜:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnawuwwuA8Im4cCBtkCquycb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"以丁香花的吉他譜為例,1小節(jié);左手按Em和弦然后右手分別彈響4弦-3弦-2弦-1弦-2弦-3弦,因?yàn)閳D2-2中可以看到每個(gè)音的時(shí)值是一樣,所以我們彈響的每個(gè)音的時(shí)長也應(yīng)該是一樣的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmqyGqmISqa60mA6YlGA5Bg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2小節(jié);左手按Cmaj7和弦然后右手分別彈響5弦-3弦-2弦-1弦-2弦-3弦,同樣時(shí)值也一樣長。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm88Is0kiSwk4Wm5wrQQNoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3小節(jié);左手按D和弦然后右手彈用x標(biāo)注的弦,1弦上有數(shù)字3標(biāo)注的表示左手按1弦3品彈出的音,然后左手按1弦2品彈出的音,再然后彈1弦空弦音(六線譜上0表示空弦音;即左手不按弦時(shí)彈響的音)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGAcsg62eOYkwKKiQS4kgCb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":177,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"分解和弦記譜:","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4e2420d143774e41950416ce2f5bec1b","width":514},"text":"","id":"doxcnq4IiM4GaKwEoIdhyXB6NGb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaCw4qESoaEMIcbwvOyFGdc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"分解和弦記譜:","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/347ebf70f1734c68bd3460e00639d70c","width":503},"text":"","id":"doxcn4s4gkISIMeuwARTLWh5uhg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"吉他六線譜中右手掃弦的記譜方法是,向下掃弦時(shí)用向上的箭頭\"↑\" 標(biāo)記,向上掃弦時(shí)用向下的箭頭\"↓\"標(biāo)記。掃弦節(jié)奏型的時(shí)值記法也與簡譜的記法相同。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnskCQq6yYam2cc1M28rb74g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"彈唱歌曲伴奏","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2msKCKA80W4yMRaUT5Z0ih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"當(dāng)左右手都練熟以后就可以開始練習(xí)彈唱了,按照譜子先將吉他伴奏練熟,達(dá)到不需要過腦子的境界。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAm6KU6M8Owmy89hc4qzQth"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"推薦歌曲:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnI0iKAUA0MWiSoR0AOlX0Zc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"01 Jam-《七月上》 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOAYuUmEu4UyaiUPG1hNmpc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8oioass0akeYCckDAUmN5d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":715,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"彈唱歌曲伴奏","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c73ecfd2bbaf43458787f8a406549ffd","width":565},"text":"","id":"doxcnWwUmu6skCWSI4xFPp8esQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"02 樸樹-《平凡之路》 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngYyUqqymO6Y4gPTppY91Wf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngWaUmuKEguei89r4yC7voe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":972,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"彈唱歌曲伴奏","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7db915958d2b43379256deba64a3f652","width":720},"text":"","id":"doxcnss66QqsqG8YQKUqNMCKlph"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"03 宋冬野-《安和橋》 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGsQw2oUWSOwEEz7RvfOyvc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":861,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"彈唱歌曲伴奏","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ecd83819030843d3bc6c5ff814f82a4c","width":720},"text":"","id":"doxcnQM8SQAcIGsmsGm4Tnpzlqg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUwWW4aaKWoMEHrkJmXXhDu"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"04 陳粒-《奇妙能力歌》 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEeKq4QAAoIgS6uZpTJzNkb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":607,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"彈唱歌曲伴奏","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f1e3cc264eb948c398fd298068e1969c","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcn2a0u2cAA8yay2zrXjOy4hf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWSWsaUq8EeKuAx0u7kcjAb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"05 萬能青年旅店-《殺死內(nèi)個(gè)石家莊人》 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIm6QCSooK0Ckw36EMNNsph"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":895,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"彈唱歌曲伴奏","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7ea6adcf172444b79c72b9db2ff9e385","width":720},"text":"","id":"doxcnwWO422I4Uk42UNydVNMGvd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnce4mWIUMmi0y65L8aBgwpH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"06 痛仰樂隊(duì)-《公路之歌》 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE6a2Ig28IikiGM1DSKamrh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":719,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"彈唱歌曲伴奏","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bc92f979177441c19035f5653291117e","width":524},"text":"","id":"doxcnYk4AGQ0YOKQkIVyaK44Qfc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"還有《知足》五月天、《聽不到》五月天、《我的歌聲里》曲婉婷、《月亮代表我的心》各種版本、《老男孩》筷子兄弟、《彩虹》周杰倫、《忽然之間》莫文蔚、《愛的就是你》王力宏等等都是非常適用于新吉他手的入門歌曲。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyKWeMecEua6Oi8yNiN5Scd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"推薦書籍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK6OAMsQIy4wQmIEGVUL1zh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一本,《","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"索爾吉他教程","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》。作者費(fèi)爾南多·索爾被稱為“吉他音樂的貝多芬”,你就知道他的分量了,在這本書中,作者并沒有像題主擔(dān)心的那樣加入各種練習(xí)曲,里面都是你想學(xué)的東西,如音樂學(xué)科理論、吉他講解,音質(zhì)和音色的分析、如何持琴、如何撥弦、每根弦上的指法安排等,看完你會有很多收獲。這本書給我的最大感受就是作者是真的愛吉他、懂吉他,比如他覺得很多人批評吉他問題很多,其實(shí)是他們自己使用不當(dāng),同時(shí)他會提出改進(jìn)方法,很值得一看的書!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAymIAAoQceIesTu10tLr7e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第二本,《","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"伯克利現(xiàn)代吉他教程","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》。此書豆瓣評分9.4,同類頂尖水平,書名中的伯克利是美國著名的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"伯克利音樂學(xué)院","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"的簡稱,王力宏、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"歐陽娜娜","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"、查理·普斯都是這里出來的。這本書的練習(xí)曲目多一些,但我還是推薦給你,原因有二:一,書中仍然有你需要的知識,包括和弦、指型,還有調(diào)弦、譜號等;二,書中的練習(xí)曲目是作者專門為吉他演奏而創(chuàng)作的原創(chuàng)作品,對提高你的音樂素養(yǎng)和演奏水平很有幫助,伯克利音樂學(xué)院的教材,值得你相信。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnACSMqGAeiiWci4Ykvoa17e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第三本,《","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"從零起步學(xué)吉他","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》。看書名你就知道了,這是一本對初學(xué)者很友好的書,事實(shí)上也的確如此。書的開頭介紹了吉他的起源、發(fā)展、構(gòu)造、種類,還會教你怎么選購和保養(yǎng),讓你對吉他有一個(gè)深入的了解,這對你很有幫助。另外,題主關(guān)心的音階、和弦、調(diào)和調(diào)式、指型等,書中都有詳細(xì)的講解,總之很適合你的一本書,也被不少吉他初學(xué)者推崇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnisGoOq0QmUQei3AMJetqeb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIUY42oEUAAUusG2aaZUC0t"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

ie設(shè)置css圓角,如何學(xué)吉他