Java是一種面向?qū)ο蟮木幊陶Z言，序列化是對Java對象進(jìn)行編碼，以便在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上傳輸或永久存儲。

Java序列化可以將Java對象轉(zhuǎn)換成字節(jié)序列，以便存儲在本地文件系統(tǒng)或通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸。Java序列化需要使用ObjectOutputStream類輸出字節(jié)流，并使用ObjectInputStream讀取字節(jié)流。序列化使得Java對象能夠以一種可傳輸、可存儲的格式進(jìn)行存儲和傳輸，因此在Java開發(fā)中非常有用。

//示例Java對象
public class Person implements Serializable {
private String name;
private int age;
public Person(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
}
//序列化示例
Person person = new Person("張三", 20);
try {
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("person.ser"));
oos.writeObject(person);
oos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//反序列化示例
try {
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("person.ser"));
Person p = (Person) ois.readObject();
System.out.println("姓名：" + p.getName() + "，年齡：" + p.getAge());
ois.close();
} catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

Hessian是一種基于二進(jìn)制協(xié)議的RPC協(xié)議，能夠?qū)ava對象通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸。相比于Java序列化，Hessian的傳輸效率更高，且支持多種語言的客戶端訪問。

//示例代碼
public interface HelloService {
String sayHello(String name);
}
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
@Override
public String sayHello(String name) {
return "Hello, " + name;
}
}
public class HessianServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
HelloService helloService = new HelloServiceImpl();
HessianServlet servlet = new HessianServlet();
servlet.setServant(helloService);
Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/hessian", servlet);
}
}
public class HessianClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {
String url = "http://localhost:8080/hessian";
HessianProxyFactory factory = new HessianProxyFactory();
HelloService helloService = (HelloService) factory.create(HelloService.class, url);
String result = helloService.sayHello("張三");
System.out.println(result);
}
}

Java序列化和Hessian都是將Java對象轉(zhuǎn)為二進(jìn)制流進(jìn)行傳輸，但Hessian相比于Java序列化更加高效，并且支持跨語言訪問。在實(shí)際開發(fā)中，應(yīng)根據(jù)具體需求選擇合適的序列化方式。