Java中對(duì)象的拷貝操作是非常常見的，其中包括淺拷貝和深拷貝。下面是對(duì)這兩種拷貝方式的詳細(xì)介紹。

淺拷貝

淺拷貝是指在拷貝對(duì)象時(shí)，僅拷貝對(duì)象的基本屬性或引用值，而不是拷貝引用的目標(biāo)對(duì)象。例如：

public class Person {
private String name;
private Address address;
// getters and setters
public Person shallowCopy() {
Person person = new Person();
person.setName(this.name);
person.setAddress(this.address); // 只拷貝了地址引用
return person;
}
}
public class Address {
private String street;
private String city;
private String zip;
// getters and setters
}
Person john = new Person();
john.setName("John");
john.setAddress(new Address("123 Main St", "Anytown", "12345"));
Person jane = john.shallowCopy();
jane.getAddress().setStreet("456 Other St"); // 改變了jane的地址屬性，但同時(shí)也改變了john的地址屬性

從上述代碼可以看出，當(dāng)我們對(duì)淺拷貝的目標(biāo)對(duì)象的屬性進(jìn)行修改時(shí)，原始對(duì)象的屬性也會(huì)被修改。

深拷貝

深拷貝是對(duì)對(duì)象的完全拷貝，包括引用目標(biāo)對(duì)象。例如：

public class Person {
private String name;
private Address address;
// getters and setters
public Person deepCopy() {
Person person = new Person();
person.setName(this.name);
Address address = new Address();
address.setStreet(this.address.getStreet());
address.setCity(this.address.getCity());
address.setZip(this.address.getZip());
person.setAddress(address); // 拷貝了整個(gè)Address對(duì)象
return person;
}
}
Person john = new Person();
john.setName("John");
john.setAddress(new Address("123 Main St", "Anytown", "12345"));
Person jane = john.deepCopy();
jane.getAddress().setStreet("456 Other St"); // 只改變了jane的地址屬性，不會(huì)影響john的地址屬性

從上述代碼可以看出，深拷貝會(huì)完全復(fù)制對(duì)象，不會(huì)與原始對(duì)象共享同一個(gè)引用目標(biāo)對(duì)象。