關于C語言更新Oracle數據庫,常見的操作有插入、刪除、查詢、更新等。其中更新操作是我們經常需要用到的,下面就著重介紹C語言如何更新Oracle。
更新操作是針對某個表中已有的數據進行修改。假設我們有一個表格叫做“employee”,其中包含員工的姓名、編號、工資和所屬部門等信息。現在要對一個員工的工資進行修改,以下是C語言連接Oracle數據庫的代碼:
#include#include #include void checkerr(OCIError *errhp, sword status) { text errbuf[512]; sb4 errcode; if (status != OCI_SUCCESS) { OCIErrorGet((dvoid*)errhp, (ub4)1, (text*)NULL, &errcode, errbuf, (ub4)sizeof(errbuf), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR); printf("Error: %d, %s\n", errcode, errbuf); exit(1); } } int main() { OCIEnv *envhp; OCIError *errhp; OCIServer *srvhp; OCISession *usrhp; OCIStmt *stmthp; OCIDefine *defhp; OCIBind *bndhp; sword status; text *username = (text *) "username"; text *password = (text *) "password"; text *database = (text *) "database"; text *sql_stmt = (text *) "UPDATE employee SET salary = 5000 WHERE emp_name = 'Tom'"; status = OCIEnvCreate(&envhp, OCI_THREADED|OCI_OBJECT, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL); checkerr(NULL, status); status = OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, 0, NULL); checkerr(errhp, status); status = OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER, 0, NULL); checkerr(errhp, status); status = OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&usrhp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, 0, NULL); checkerr(errhp, status); status = OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhp, (dvoid **)&stmthp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, 0, NULL); checkerr(errhp, status); status = OCILogon(envhp, errhp, &srvhp, username, strlen(username), password, strlen(password), database, strlen(database)); checkerr(errhp, status); status = OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, sql_stmt, strlen((char *)sql_stmt), OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, OCI_DEFAULT); checkerr(errhp, status); status = OCIStmtExecute(usrhp, stmthp, errhp, 1, 0, NULL, NULL, OCI_DEFAULT); checkerr(errhp, status); status = OCITransCommit(srvhp, errhp, OCI_DEFAULT); checkerr(errhp, status); OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)envhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER); OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)envhp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION); OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)envhp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT); OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)envhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR); OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)envhp, OCI_HTYPE_ENV); return 0; }
以上代碼主要分成了幾個部分,首先是連接Oracle數據庫。我們需要進行的操作是修改數據,需要先打開會話,并定義一個SQL語句,也就是UPDATE語句,其中salary=5000是修改后的數據,emp_name='Tom'是該員工的姓名。接著執行SQL語句,并提交更改,最后關閉連接。
需要注意的是,若在執行UPDATE語句時發現沒有更新記錄,此時OCIStmtExecute的返回值為OCI_NO_DATA。
總結來說,更新Oracle數據庫就是執行UPDATE語句,只需要注意SQL語句的準確性和執行的順序即可。通過C語言連接Oracle數據庫,我們可以通過編寫程序實現自動化的數據處理和更新操作。