隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展和應(yīng)用，驗(yàn)證碼（CAPTCHA）成為了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中防止惡意程序或者不法分子對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)或網(wǎng)絡(luò)的攻擊和破解的重要手段。在Python中，驗(yàn)證碼的類(lèi)型也有很多種，下面我們就來(lái)一一介紹。

1. 圖像驗(yàn)證碼

import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
# 生成隨機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼
def random_char():
return chr(random.randint(65, 90))
# 生成隨機(jī)顏色
def random_color():
return (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255))
# 生成驗(yàn)證碼圖片
def create_image(checkcode):
width, height = 240, 60
im = Image.new('RGB', (width, height), 'white')
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im)
# 設(shè)置字體
font = ImageFont.truetype('arial.ttf', 40)
# 繪制每個(gè)字符
for i in range(4):
draw.text((60 * i + 10, 10), checkcode[i], font=font, fill=random_color())
# 繪制干擾線(xiàn)
for i in range(10):
draw.line((random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height), random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)), fill=random_color())
# 繪制點(diǎn)
for i in range(50):
draw.point((random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)), fill=random_color())
# 保存圖片
im.save('checkcode.png')
checkcode = ''.join([random_char() for i in range(4)])
create_image(checkcode)

2. 數(shù)學(xué)公式驗(yàn)證碼

import random
import os
# 生成數(shù)學(xué)公式驗(yàn)證碼
def create_math_code():
num1 = random.randint(0, 10)
num2 = random.randint(0, 10)
operator = random.choice(['+', '-', '*'])
exp = f'{num1} {operator} {num2} = ?'
ans = eval(f'{num1} {operator} {num2}')
return exp, ans
# 保存驗(yàn)證碼
def save_image(exp):
os.system(f'echo "{exp[0]}" | convert -background white -size 200x100 -font Arial -bordercolor white -border 10 -pointsize 36 -density 150 text:- math.png')
exp, ans = create_math_code()
save_image(exp)

3. 滑動(dòng)拼圖驗(yàn)證碼

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.antfin.com/')
# 拖動(dòng)滑塊
def drag_and_drop():
slider_element = driver.find_element_by_css_selector('.nc_iconfont.btn_slide')
ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(slider_element).perform()
for i in range(10):
ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(10, 0).perform()
ActionChains(driver).release().perform()
drag_and_drop()

以上就是Python中幾種常見(jiàn)的驗(yàn)證碼類(lèi)型。可以根據(jù)實(shí)際需求選擇相應(yīng)的類(lèi)型，提高用戶(hù)的安全性和使用體驗(yàn)。